Substance Abuse Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Substance Abuse - Article Example Through the journaling method, I recorded important highlights on shared data which are esteemed vital to the mending procedure. As I was going to the gathering, there were various musings that entered my thoughts, for example, (1) how devoted and submitted are the heavy drinkers and the relatives who went to the gathering; (2) do they truly observe the gathering (Alcoholic Anonymous) as a powerful device for recuperation; (3) how unique are the perspectives on new and old individuals as far as AA encouraging ways for their recuperation; (4) does it help the drunkards more when relatives are available; among others. At first, the gathering began by the presider reporting important occasions and exercises to be taken an interest in by heavy drinkers, relatives and intrigue visitors. At that point, during the conversation the presider helps individuals to remember the Twelve Steps which are the core values for recuperation. Old alcoholic individuals who have completely recouped mutual their difficulties and compensations for experiencing the program; while individuals were as yet on edge and worried to share enc ounters. Each experience shared were elucidated by the presider where fascinating musings were accentuated and affirmed through approving encounters of others. I genuinely imagined that it would be an instrumental commitment to be a piece of this network as a presider, a mentor or guide to help individuals with drinking issues out and about towards

Beowulf Epic Hero

An epic saint is a character in an epic sonnet that is valiant and respectable and is appreciated by his supporters for their accomplishments. Beowulf is an epic saint. He fits each portrayal and is discussed in raised language. In the story it is Beowulf obligation to secure his kin and annihilation revolting beasts. At the point when he finds out about a fiendish beast that murdered Hoarder's child In a distant land he accepted It as another open door to substantiate himself. This was the primary instance of indicating Beowulf as a legend in light of the fact that the breeze and ocean helped him and his men travel securely ND rapidly and that didn't occur for Just anybody else.When they show up and the guard Is from the outset dubious yet acknowledges he Is Beowulf here to slaughter Greened and Warthogs invites him and treats him with high respect as just saints get treated. In the fights all through the story he Is set facing brutes that no other man can win. In any case, Beowulf Is ready to vanquish Greened with his exposed hands displaying his quality, Grenade's mom to give us that Beowulf will dispose of the base of the issue and go the additional mile to shield people.Against the winged serpent he is t least 80 is as yet ready to crush the mythical beast and this discloses to us that he can live longer than any other person at that point. Beowulf is regularly â€Å"talked up† all through the story. Raised language is a strategy used to depict all epic saints. It discusses Beowulf hands being the hardest turns on the planet, and Beowulf is even called â€Å"mighty defender of men. † This is a giveaway that he is an epic saint. All in all, Beowulf is an epic legend. He is more intrepid, more grounded, and more astute, than anybody on the planet. Additionally, he is talked of in a raised language to ensure he stands apart from the remainder of his kin.

The Oxford Comma Explained

The Oxford Comma Explained Theres not a subject more divisive to grammarians, writers, and editors than the usage of the Oxford (or serial) comma. The Oxford comma is the last comma used in a list of three or more items and is stylistic in its usage, which essentially means that you use it depending on what kind of writing youre doing. Proponents of the Oxford comma say that this last comma provides clarity and helps the reader. However, those anti-Oxford comma writers out there say that this last comma clutters up the page and that the use of it may even contribute to more confusion.So, how do you know if you should use it in your writing? Why should you use it (or why should you not)? Here is a guide to all things Oxford comma to help you determine which side of the argument you fall on.What is the Oxford comma?The Oxford Dictionarys website defines the Oxford comma as, an optional comma before the word and at the end of a list… its known as the Oxford comma because it was traditionally used by printers, r eaders, and editors at Oxford University Press. Not all writers and publishers use it, but it can clarify the meaning of a sentence when the items in a list are not single words.The history of the Oxford comma is a bit murky, but according to an article on Business Insider, the first person to write down this powerful little punctuation mark as rule was a man named Frederick Howard Collins who was a British indexer and writer. He featured commentary on the serial comma in his 1912 book published by Oxford University Press entitled, Authors Printers Dictionary: A Guide for Authors.In his reasoning for using the serial comma, Collins wrote:The late Herbert Spencer [the Victorian philosopher and scientist] allowed me to quote from his letter:â€"whether to write black, white, and green, with the comma after white, or to leave out the comma and write black, white and greenâ€"I very positively decide in favour of the first. To me the comma is of value as marking out the component element s of a thought, and where any set of components of a thought are of equal value, they should be punctuated in printing and in speech equally. Evidently therefore in this case, inasmuch as when enumerating these colours black, white, and green, the white is just as much to be emphasized as the other two, it needs the pause after it just as much as the black does.Frederick Howard CollinsSo essentially what Collins was saying (through Spencer) is that just because something is last in a list doesnt mean that it shouldnt get the same pause and treatment as the first two or more items in a list. For the last century, Oxford University Press and other institutions of style and grammar have insisted on the usage of this last comma.When should you use the Oxford comma?Now that we know a little bit about the history of the Oxford comma and that its used to clarify sentences with two or more items in a list, how do we know when to use it in our writing? Because it is stylistic in its usageâ€" meaning that its just the preferred style of the way a sentence looks and not a rule per seâ€"you arent always going to be using the serial comma.Here is a list of some of the most common style guides you will be using while writing, and whether or not they use the Oxford comma:Associated Press Style (AP) does not use the Oxford comma.American Psychological Association Style (APA) does use the Oxford comma.Chicago Manual of Style (CMS) does use the Oxford comma.The Modern Languages Association (MLA) does use the Oxford comma.The Oxford University Press (OUP) does use the Oxford comma.You may have noticed that the only common style guide we have listed here that does not use the Oxford comma is the Associated Press (or AP) style guide. This guide is the stylebook for journalists, public relations, and advertising professionals. There are several reasons why AP does not use the Oxford comma, but its mostly not used as a way to use space efficiently within their paragraphs.So now that we know when we are supposed to use it, lets look at some examples to show us how its done. Here are some sentences that could be clarified using the Oxford comma:Example 1I love my parents, Russell Westbrook and Ariana Grande.Why this should be corrected:Though it would certainly be cool to have Russell Westbrook and Ariana Grande as parents, its unlikely that this is what the writer of this sentence intended. Its very easy to pick out that this sentence is incorrect because we know for sure that Ariana Grande and Russell Westbrook dont have a child together, but in other sentences it might not be so easy. Putting the last comma in will clarify that the author actually meant that they liked all of those people separately.Example 2Jamie sat on the plane next to Will Ferrell, the famous comedian, former SNL star and a large German shepherd.Why this should be corrected:Clearly Will Ferrell isnt a famous comedian and also a large German shepherd at the same time. This sentence could ea sily be clarified with a serial comma, which would separate the words and let us know that Will Ferrell is indeed a human and not a dog. Opponents of the Oxford comma would likely say that the sentence doesnt need to add a comma but instead needs to be revised to indicate that Jamie is sitting next to both Will Ferrell and a dog.Example 3I will be enjoying cereal, eggs and coffee this morning for breakfast.Why this should be corrected:This breakfast is starting to sound appetizing until you get to the word and. Is the author putting eggs in her coffee? Is she pouring coffee over her eggs? In either case, we have to decline the invitation to brunch at her house. In all seriousness, adding that one little comma at the end clarifies that the writer intended to say she is having coffee alongside of her eggs and not on top of them.Arguments against using the Oxford commaFor every devotee to the Oxford comma, there is another person who is staunchly against its usage. Why wouldnt someone want to use this tool of language if it makes things easier to understand? An anti-Oxford comma person would argue that it could sometimes lead to more ambiguity in a sentence.Another anti-Oxford comma argument is that commas can litter up a page. Many writers and editors want the most important things to shine through in the text: the words. They argue that spilling commas and dashes and other punctuation marks throughout the text can distract the reader from what is most important and detract from the main idea.Lastly, anti-Oxford comma arguers say that most ambiguity in sentences with lists can be fixed by simply rewriting them. They argue that the sentences need to be restructured instead of merely adding some punctuation and then claiming that its no longer ambiguous.So now that we know some arguments on why we may not want to use it, here are some examples to show us what that might look like. Heres how to fix sentences without the Oxford comma:Example 1I love my parents, Russ ell Westbrook and Ariana Grande.How this could be corrected without the Oxford comma:I love my parents, but I also love Russell Westbrook and Ariana Grande.Instead of adding the last comma, we have added in words that can specifically tell us that Russell Westbrook and Ariana Grande are not the authors parents. We could even take it a step further and query the author to ask why these two thoughts would be connected in the first place. We could also ask her if they could feasibly be separated because they seem to be two completely different thoughts.Example 2Jamie sat on the plane next to Will Ferrell, the famous comedian, former SNL star and a large German shepherd.How this could be corrected without the Oxford comma:Jamie sat on the plane next to Will Ferrell, the famous comedian and former SNL star, as well as a large German shepherd.We have corrected the ambiguity of whether or not Will Ferrell was a dog comedian (or a comedian who had possibly turned into a dog) by adding in a few words. Now we know that the author was sitting next to Will Ferrell and a large German shepherd on the plane. We could also take this one step further by asking the author for more detail here. Was this Will Ferrells dog or did the author just get really lucky to sit by both on her plane ride? Was the dog just allowed to sit without being on a leash? If we simply fixed it with a comma then we still might not have all the information that we need.Example 3I will be enjoying cereal, eggs and coffee this morning for breakfast.How this could be corrected without the Oxford comma:For breakfast this morning, I will be enjoying cereal and eggs while drinking coffee.In this sentence we completely rearranged the order of the clauses so that it was less ambiguous what the author was doing. Theres no question now if she is putting eggs in her coffee or pouring coffee in her eggs because we know now that she is drinking coffee while eating those breakfast items.Do I have to use the Oxford c omma if Im not using a style guide?If you are not using a style guide and are writing something for personal usage, then its not necessary to use the Oxford comma. The main thing about punctuation is that no matter how you use it, just be consistent. For example, if you are writing something that does not have to adhere to a style guide, you can choose to spell out numerals over 10 if it makes sense for the audienceâ€"but just be consistent with your rules. The reason why we have style guides is to maintain a sense of consistency throughout documents so that its easier for the audience to read. If you are writing something besides a research paper or a piece of news, then just be sure to apply good writing style consistently and ask an editor if you are questioning something.Pay attention to your style guideThough you may have your personal opinions about the Oxford comma, its important to set those aside when you are working with a specific style guide that dictates whether or not its used. Its also crucial to make sure that youre not just following a style guide blindly and that you are making good writing decisions with every sentence. Confused on whether or not the Oxford comma is making your sentences unclear? Ask a teacher or an editor who can help you sort it out and make your writing clear.

The Uk Corporate Governance Code - 2062 Words

Approaches to corporate governance 1. Introduction In today s society, rapid economic development, a good business to have their own ways of doing business, but also to follow some rules to better manage the company. This report concentrates on the UK Corporate Governance Code and and its analysis of the driving force of Code. Especially in the UK and global analysis of the driving force behind the development and discussion of corporate governance in the US due to different methods. In particular, its characteristics and rules-based approach to corporate governance, each type of system is how to control. 2. The â€Å"Code† 2.1 Definition UK Corporate Governance Code (The Code), is a set designed for the London Stock Exchange listed†¦show more content†¦ÃŽ » The second phase in 1994, which is attached to the principles of the Listing Rules of the London Stock Exchange, and it does not have to comply with the provisions of the company s principles. Shortly after, by Sir Richard Greenbury, chairman of Marks Spencer presided further committee was established as executive pay a study group. (Doble, 1997) In July 1995 Greenbury report was issued in response to public outrage, and by Prime Minister John Major some vague statements, regulators may be necessary, in the rising executive pay, especially in those who have privatized utilities. ï€ ¨ Greenburyï€ ¬Ã¯â‚¬ ±Ã¯â‚¬ ¹Ã¯â‚¬ ¹Ã¯â‚¬ µÃ¯â‚¬ © ÃŽ » The third stage is proposed in 1998 by Sir Ronald  · Hampel prescribed like clockwork to survey advancement etc., all of Cadbury and Greenbury standards consolidated into a Joined Code. (London 1998) ÃŽ » The fourth stage was in 2010, another administrative rules are issued by the Financial Reporting Council, alongside another variant of the UK Corporate Governance Code, and consequently isolated from each different issues. 3. Analysis of the driving force of Code Corporate governance mainly involves balancing the interests of the company s many stakeholders, including its shareholders, management, customers, suppliers, financial institutions, governments and the community. Since corporate governance is also provided a method for obtaining the

Schizophreni A Psychotic Disorder - 1364 Words

Schizophrenia Schizophrenia is considered a psychotic disorder according to the DSM (American Psychological Association, 2013). Schizophrenia is one of the most commonly known of the psychotic disorders. A person who is schizophrenic must meet the following criteria according to the DSM (American Psychological Association, 2013). The person has to have at least 2 or more of the following Delusion, Hallucination, disorganized speech, Grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior, and negative symptoms. A client must display at least one of the following a delusion, a hallucination, or disorganized speech. Also the person must experience a decrease in the ability to function in main life areas such as school and work. (Kress, V. 2014). The†¦show more content†¦Grossly disorganized or abnormal behavior can be Catatonic behavior, unpredictable agitation or child like behavior. Lastly negative symptoms of schizophrenia normally consist of diminished emotional expression avolition (little interest in participating in anything). (American Psychological Association, 2013) Prevalence and Incidences The prevalence rate in the United stated is about 1.1 % of the population. (Cite ncbi.nim.nih.gov) Schizophrenia affects various societies and does not discriminate by race class, culture, or religion. Schizophrenia has been considered to be a brain disorder and can also be seen as genetic. (Kress, V. 2014). The perception is that there are people who have a predisposition to getting schizophrenia if a relative has been diagnosed. According Having a parent or sibling who have been diagnosed increases a person chances in developing the disorder from 1% to 10%. (Kress, V. 2014) The symptoms of Schizophrenia usually begin to appear in late adolescence and early adulthood, between the ages of 15 and 25. Men tend to show signs earlier then women. There are higher incidences in males then in females. Treatment Treatment for Schizophrenia can be classified under two categories medication and Psychosocial. Medication is the main form of treatment for Schizophrenia. Anti-psychotics are used as medicinal treatment for Schizophrenia patients Types of

Unbiased Report Exposes the Unanswered Questions on Ielts Essay Introduction Samples

Unbiased Report Exposes the Unanswered Questions on Ielts Essay Introduction Samples If You Read Nothing Else Today, Read This Report on Ielts Essay Introduction Samples A self-introduction essay outline can be simple to write, since all you need to do is to introduce yourself. Therefore don't get intimidated if you believe you can't write such essays. A number of the essays ask you to describe what's happening and a number of them are about why it's happening. A self-introduction essay might be among the easiest essays to begin. It is possible to obtain just about any Sample essay online for unique subjects. You don't need to buy a Sample essay, as it's entirely free. By viewing the Sample essay, you can choose whether you need to obtain an essay for yourself. Our sample essay has a straightforward but excellent introduction in which it demonstrates that the examinee has knowledge of this issue and clearly states the writer's position to prepare the remainder of the essay. The New Fuss About Ielts Essay Introduction Samples The exam result is provided within 5 business days which isn't available with other testing agencies. A comparative essay is among the few requirements for students to finish a class. Most books on essay writing will provide you with numerous model essayscollect a few of these as they are fantastic teachers! In summary, your bright future can begin with acquiring a superb PTE score. Viewing a Sample essay and considering the matter of plagiarism is quite important. I have ther efore demonstrated to the examiner which I am able to paraphrase and have a variety of vocabulary. This will safeguard you from plagiarism. You ought to be continuously working to increase your English grammar when preparing for IELTS. This essay examines the explanations for why assignment essays are beneficial for student learning and considers a number of the troubles with this technique of assessment. Looking at IELTS essay topics with answers is an excellent means to assist you to get ready for the test. Sample essay writing is a sort of writing which can be used for advertising purposes. IELTS essay writing is quite a difficult exam and requires the most training. First, the essay will talk about the significance of parental involvement during childhood and second, the essay will appear at the value of experiencing a part-time job during childhood. For instance, an entrepreneur who comes to reside in a new country and starts up a business has to be mindful of the business practices of that nation. Besides useful data which you can use as references, writing tips and guidelines, in addition, there are a good deal of writing companies where it is possible to hire a writer to do the task for you. Regardle ss of this warning, many excellent students go on to produce introductions with a couple common problems inside them. Essays, however, may need a little more courage at the start, but as you're already here looking for information, why not to begin with practice also. You may acquire an idea for a starting point in your essay. You may use the samples as a foundation for working out how to write in the right style. Organizing thoughts can take some time, but should you already have a great deal of things to write, then it would be better to write all of them down and arrange them later on in the last draft. Always attempt to start early and give adequate time for researching dependable and academic proof to support your arguments. New Step by Step Roadmap for Ielts Essay Introduction Samples Conclusions Conclusions are in reality quite easy. The thesis statement is quite much like the title. The essay is all about the advantages and drawbacks of IT, so these will have to be discussed in individual paragraphs. The topic does not need to be in the very first sentence, but nevertheless, it needs to be made clear somewhere in the introduction. Begin with a fast brain-storm about the subject. You are likely to be offered an essay on just about any subject for a specific price. It should deal with particular task in the question. Bear in mind that you're supposed to answer the question not write generally about this issue. Try out this opinion essay question about the price of space exploration.

Corporate Governance and Social Responsibility

Question: Discuss about the Corporate Governance and Social Responsibility. Answer: Chapter 1: 7 respondents were interviewed by asking them 23 open ended questions. It was seen that the seven respondents had different views regarding every questions they were asked. The analyses of the interviews are given below: It was seen that the first interview had mentioned that Marketing and Corporate Relations Department is responsible for Corporate Communication in the Organization of the interviewer. The second interview gave the information that a Sovereign Department called Corporate Communications Department is responsible for it while the third interview stated that Public Relations Department is responsible for it. The fourth interview mentioned that the Marketing and Corporate Communications Department is responsible for Corporate Communication in the Organization, the fifth interview mentioned Marketing Communication for it, and the sixth interview mentioned about Branding and communications department whiles the seventh one replied Marketing and Corporate Relations Department (Murphy and Schlegelmilch 2013). From the first interview, it was seen that UBA Foundation was responsible for the Corporate Social Responsibility. The second interview shows that there is a sub unit in the department that is responsible for it while the third interview shows that the office of the chairman and the head of the head of the Public Relations Department is responsible for Corporate Social Responsibility (Herzig and Moon 2013). According to the fourth interview it was seen, the Marketing and Corporate Communications Department is responsible for its customer social relationship while the fifth interview stated that Corporate services is responsible for it. The sixth interview said that they have a specific director who is in charge of the customer social relationship of their organization and the seventh interview revealed that the Marketing and corporate relations department is in charge of customer social relationship. The first interview shows that the company has a divisional Head for Marketing and Corporate Relations who is in charge of the Corporate Communication in the organization while the second interview shows that a unit headed by a particular person is in charge of it (Bravo et al. 2012). According to interview three and four, they do not have any specific director for the charge of Corporate Communication in the organization while according to interview five they have a specific director for it. Interview 6 showed that HR manager is involved in decision-making process of Corporate Communication of the organization while interview seven revealed the Divisional Head is in charge of the Corporate Communications Department (Leipziger 2015). According to the first interview, it was seen that the organization have different level of approving offices to provide decisions regarding Corporate Communication of the organization while the director is not the lone person to make decision for the second organization. The third interview shows that the board of directors took the decisions regarding it while the The Head, Marketing and Corporate Communications Department took the decisions (ArAs 2016). Interview 5 revealed Executive shared services took the decisions; interview six revealed that hr manager took the decisions while Divisional Head took the decisions according to interview seven. It was seen that there were various impacts of customer social relationship Communication. It was seen that there were various positive impacts as well as negative impacts of customer social relationship communication. According to interview one, it was seen that too much money is spent on promotions to reach t the customers. Use of social media is also increased as the company can cover a larger mass of people on social media platforms. The second interview showed that the impact of customer social relationship communication would be severe on choosing wrong target population (Herzig and Moon 2013). This would result to sell of the products to wrong people and advertising to the wrong people about the products. Interview 3 revealed that the impact of customer social relationship Communication would result to disclosure of too much information of the company outside and the competitors could take advantage of this information to succeed in the business (Jonker and Marberg 2015). Inte rview 4 had revealed that they had to frame strategies and set their business such that it creates an impact in the lives of all stakeholders. Interview 5 revealed that they have very good companys Corporate Communication and they help their staffs to keep abreast of the customer social relationship initiatives. Interview 6 revealed that they try to create the impact of customer social relationship by emails and newspaper publications. They have a good image on their customers and stakeholders. Interview 7 also revealed that the organization have a good impact on the customers and stakeholders as they have a good bank of reputation. Importance and effectiveness of corporate communication channels was found from the interviews. It was seen that some of the organizations used the usage of communications like websites and Annual Reports for Corporate Social Responsibility Communication while few of them do not use it. Interview 5, interview 6, interview 7, interview 4 and interview 2 use it to improve their corporate communication. Interview 1 and interview 3 said that they do not use the communications like websites and Annual Reports for Corporate Social Responsibility Communication. These are important modes of communication as they help to reach out to maximum number of people (Manning 2013). Social media is also another important corporate communication channels. People are more into social media and it is easy to reach out to the people via social media. The interview also revealed that communication strategy of both medium and social media are important for the effectiveness of corporate communication. On asking whether the standards of communication is necessary to be according to industry standards, all the seven interview conducted gave a positive response to this question. This is because the industry standard is set to connect to a larger mass of people (Murphy and Schlegelmilch 2013). Having the standard of corporate communication according to industry standard would help the companies to communicate with the clients and stakeholders. Question was asked to grade the degree of effectiveness of the Communication Strategy Adopted by the organization. Interview 6 and interview 7 revealed that their Communication strategy was quite effective and they rated it around 90%. According to interview 5, the rating of the degree of effectiveness of was 8 while interview 4 revealed that their strategy was very effective (Murphy and Schlegelmilch 2013). Interview 3 revealed that the strategy of communication they had adopted was effect largely. However, they had rooms for improvement of their strategy. According to interview 2, the rating of their communication strategy is between 8 and 9 and the company had began to adopt new modes of communication. Interview 1 revealed that the degree of effectiveness of their communication is high. Chapter 2 Conclusion It was seen that different organizations had different methods of decision processes. They had various persons to take their decisions. While one interview revealed that, their director took the decisions regarding the processing financial institution while another interview revealed that the divisional Head for Marketing and Corporate Relations. Another interview revealed that the director might not be the sole decision maker of the various processes of decision-making. It was also seen that there were various advantages and disadvantages regarding the impacts of Customer Social Relationship Communications. In some cases, it was seen that the expenditure by the organization was high, as they have to reach out to as many customers as they can. Some of them had a bank of good images and they use specific mediums for specific audiences. It was seen that most of the institutions had said that they have bank of good reputations for their organization. This might be due to their good cust omer relationship strategies and good corporate strategies. Social media was seen as an important medium of communication by the organizations with their clients and customers. It was also seen that most of the interviews revealed that the organizations prefer to use other channels of communication like Websites and Annual Reports for Corporate Social Responsibility communication. Some of them use Annual Reports while some of them use various websites. However, social media was seen as the pioneer method of communication with the clients and stakeholders. The interviews revealed that the strategy of communication that is adopted by organizations is quite effective. This variable got the high degree in terms of effectiveness of the strategy of communication that is adopted by the organizations. Thus, it was seen that every interview revealed there was effectiveness and importance of the channels of corporate communication they use for their organization. The channels of communication that are used by the organizations for corporate communication of corporate social responsibility activities are effective enough for the business and development of the organizations. Use of additional channels by the organizations are also seen this research. It was also seen that there are various people involved in the process of decision-making. The strong impact of the corporate communication of corporate social responsibility activities had been revealed in the interviews where the organization is happy and highly satisfied with their degree of effectiveness of the communication strategy they had adopted. References ArAs, G., 2016.A handbook of corporate governance and social responsibility. CRC Press. Bravo, R., Matute, J. and Pina, J.M., 2012. Corporate social responsibility as a vehicle to reveal the corporate identity: A study focused on the websites of Spanish financial entities.Journal of Business Ethics,107(2), pp.129-146. Herzig, C. and Moon, J., 2013. Discourses on corporate social ir/responsibility in the financial sector.Journal of Business Research,66(10), pp.1870-1880. Jonker, J. and Marberg, A., 2015. Corporate Social Responsibility Quo Vadis?.Business, Capitalism and Corporate Citizenship: A Collection of Seminal Essays, p.85. Leipziger, D., 2015.The corporate responsibility code book. Greenleaf Publishing. Manning, L., 2013. Corporate and consumer social responsibility in the food supply chain.British Food Journal,115(1), pp.9-29. Murphy, P.E. and Schlegelmilch, B.B., 2013. Corporate social responsibility and corporate social irresponsibility: Introduction to a special topic section.Journal of Business Research,66(10), pp.1807-1813.

Age of Enlightenment free essay sample

The Age of Enlightenment is a term used to describe the trends in thought and letters in Europe and the American colonies during the 18th century prior to the French Revolution. The phrase was frequently employed by writers of the period itself, convinced that they were emerging from centuries of darkness and ignorance into a new age enlightened by reason, science, and a respect for humanity. The precursors of the Enlightenment can be traced to the 17th century and earlier.They include the philosophical rationalists Rene Descartes and Baruch Spinoza, the political philosophers Thomas Hobbes and John Locke, and various skeptical thinkers in France such as Pierre Bayle. Equally important, however, were the self-confidence engendered by new discoveries in science and the spirit of cultural relativism encouraged by the exploration of the non-European world. Of the basic assumptions and beliefs common to philosophers and intellectuals of this period, perhaps the most important was an abid ing faith in the power of human reason. We will write a custom essay sample on Age of Enlightenment or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The age was enormously impressed by Isaac Newtons discovery of universal gravitation. If humanity could so unlock the laws of the universe, Gods own laws, why could it not also discover the laws underlying all of nature and society? People came to assume that through a judicious use of reason, an unending progress would be possible-progress in knowledge, in technical achievement, and even in moral values. Following the philosophy of Locke, the 18th-century writers believed that knowledge is not innate, but comes only from experience and observation guided by reason.Through proper education, humanity itself could be altered, its nature changed for the better. A great premium was placed on the discovery of truth through the observation of nature, rather than through the study of authoritative sources, such as Aristotle and the Bible. Although they saw the church-especially the Roman Catholic church-as the principal force that had enslaved the human mind in the past, most Enlightenment thinkers did not renounce religion altogether. They opted rather for a form of Deism, accepting the existence of God and of a hereafter, but rejecting the intricacies of Christian theology. Human aspirations, they believed, should not be centered on the next life, but rather on the means of improving this life. Worldly happiness was placed before religious salvation. Nothing was attacked with more intensity and ferocity than the church, with all its wealth, political power, and suppression of the free exercise of reason. More than a set of fixed ideas, the Enlightenment implied an attitude, a method of thought. According to the German philosopher Immanuel Kant, the motto of the age should be Dare to know. A desire arose to reexamine and question all received ideas and values, to explore new ideas in many different directions-hence the inconsistencies and contradictions that often appear in the writings of 18th-century thinkers. Many proponents of the Enlightenment were not philosophers in the commonly accepted sense of the word; they were populizers engaged in a self-conscious effort to win converts. They liked to refer to themselves as the party of humanity, and in an attempt to mold public opinion in their favor, they made full use of pamphlets, anonymous tracts, and the large numbers of new journals and newspapers being created.Because they were journalists and propagandists as much as true philosophers, historians often refer to them by the French word philosophes. In many respects, the homeland of the philosophes was France. It was there that the political philosopher and jurist Charles de Montesquieu, one of the earliest representatives of the movement, had begun publishing various satirical works against existing institutions, as well as his monumental study of political institutions, The Spirit of Laws (1748; trans. 1750). It was in Paris that Denis Diderot, the author of numerous philosophical tracts, began the publication of the Encyclopedie (1751-72).This work, on which numerous philosophes collaborated, was intended both as a compendium of all knowledge and as a pole mical weapon, presenting the positions of the Enlightenment and attacking its opponents. The single most influential and representative of the French writers was undoubtedly Voltaire. Beginning his career as a playwright and poet, he is best known today for his prolific pamphlets, essays, satires, and short novels, in which he popularized the science and philosophy of his age, and for his immense correspondence with writers and monarchs throughout Europe.Far more original were the works of Jean Jacques Rousseau, whose Social Contract (1762; trans. 1797), Emile (1762; trans. 1763), and Confessions (1782; trans. 1783) were to have a profound influence on later political and educational theory and were to serve as an impulse to 19th-century romanticism. The Enlightenment was also a profoundly cosmopolitan and antinationalistic movement with representatives in numerous other countries. Kant in Germany, David Hume in England, Cesare Beccaria inItaly, and Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jefferson in the American colonies all maintained close contacts with the French philosophes but were important contributors to the movement in their own right. During the first half of the 18th century, the leaders of the Enlightenment waged an uphill struggle against considerable odds. Several were imprisoned for their writings, and most were hampered by government censorship and attacks by the church. In many respects, however, the later decades of the century marked a triumph of the movement in Europe and America.By the 1770s, second-generation philosophes were receiving government pensions and taking control of established intellectual academies. The enormous increase in the publication of newspapers and books ensured a wide diffusion of their ideas. Scientific experiments and philosophical writing became fashionable among wide groups in society, including members of the nobility a nd the clergy. A number of European monarchs also adopted certain of the ideas or at least the vocabulary of the Enlightenment.Voltaire and other philosophes, who relished the concept of a philosopher-king enlightening the people from above, eagerly welcomed the emergence of the so-called enlightened despots, of whom Frederick II of Prussia, Catherine II of Russia, and Joseph II of Austria were the most celebrated examples. In retrospect, however, it appears that most of these monarchs used the movement in large part for propaganda purposes and were far more despotic than enlightened. During the later 18th century certain changes in emphasis emerged in Enlightenment thought.Under the influence of Rousseau, sentiment and emotion became as respectable as reason. In the 1770s writers broadened their field of criticism to include political and economic issues. Of seminal importance in this regard was the experience of the American Revolution. In the eyes of Europeans, the Declaration of Independence and the Revolutionary War signaled that, for the first time, some individuals were going beyond the mere discussion of enlightened ideas and were actually putting them into practice.The American Revolution probably encouraged attacks and criticisms against existing European regimes. The Age of Enlightenment is usually said to have ended with the French Revolution of 1789. Indeed, some see the social and political ferment of this period as being responsible for the Revolution. While embodying many of the ideals of the philosophes, the Revolution in its more violent stages (1792-94) served to discredit these ideals temporarily in the eyes of many European contemporaries.Yet the Enlightenment left a lasting heritage for the 19th and 20th centuries. It marked a key stage in the decline of the church and the growth of modern secularism. It served as the model for political and economic liberalism and for humanitarian reform throughout the 19th-century Western world. It was the watershed for the pervasive belief in the possibility and the necessity of progress that survived, if only in attenuated form, into the 20th century.

Compel, Impel, and Propel

Compel, Impel, and Propel Compel, Impel, and Propel Compel, Impel, and Propel By Maeve Maddox A reader asks, Would you explain the differences among compel, impel, and propel. Here is an instance that I read:â€Å"†¦I find myself returning again and again to the question of what compels us - what propels us - to record our impressions of the present moment in all their fragile subjectivity.† The pel in compel, impel, and propel derives from the Latin verb pellere, â€Å"to drive,† as in the way one drives sheep, forcing them to go in a certain direction. compel: transitive verb. To urge irresistibly, oblige, force. â€Å"The police compelled the motorist to stop.† impel: transitive verb. To drive, force, or constrain a person to some action by acting upon her mind or feelings; to urge on, incite. In a literal sense, impel means to cause something to move onward. An engine, for example, impels a vehicle. propel: transitive verb. To drive away or out. to drive or push forwards, onwards, or in a specified direction; to cause to move along. Figuratively, propel means â€Å"to encourage or promote an enterprise or activity.† One can â€Å"propel a person† in the sense of urging or spurring him on. In the example provided by the readerwhat compels uswhat propels usto record our impressions, both compel and propel convey the idea of being driven to do something. Compel conveys the idea that the person is being forced to do it; propel shows that the person is encouraged to do it by the same â€Å"what† that forces him to do it. Three other pellere verbs in English are: dispel: to drive asunder, scatter expel: to drive out repel: to push or thrust away Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:How to Structure A Story: The Eight-Point ArcDisappointed + PrepositionThe Two Sounds of G

Marketing Strategy of ford company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Marketing Strategy of ford company - Essay Example Ford hÐ °s now reduced its proportion of fleet sÐ °les to 28 per cent of the totÐ °l, from 39 per cent Ð ° yeÐ °r previously. "ThÐ °ts some good news in the mix of our business," Fords sÐ °les Ð °nÐ °lyst George PipÐ °s sÐ °id yesterdÐ °y. Current pÐ °per provides comprehensive mÐ °rketing review of Ford Motor compÐ °ny Ð °nd defines strÐ °tegic Ð °pproÐ °ch to plÐ °cing the compÐ °ny on the competitive position of worldwide leÐ °der in the cÐ °r industry. Ford Motor is the second lÐ °rgest Ð °utomotive compÐ °ny in the world Ð °nd the most trÐ °nsnÐ °tionÐ °l of Ð °ll Ð °uto mÐ °kers. It hÐ °s operÐ °tions in more thÐ °n 200 countries Ð °nd territories, employing Ð °bout 350,000 workers (SchnÐ °pp, CÐ °ssettÐ °ri, 2004) HistoricÐ °lly, Ford sought to compete Ð °gÐ °inst the industrys leÐ °der, GenerÐ °l Motors, by increÐ °sing its presence in foreign mÐ °rkets. Fords InternÐ °tionÐ °l Ð utomotive OperÐ °tions co-ordinÐ °tes Ð °ctivities in twenty-six countries grouped in three principÐ °l regions (Europe, LÐ °tin Ð mericÐ °, Ð °nd Ð siÐ ° PÐ °cific). In the lÐ °te 1970s, Ford produced outside the United StÐ °tes hÐ °lf of its worldwide vehicle production - compÐ °red with GMs one-fourth. The Ford Motor Co. hÐ °s Ð °lso been Ð ° leÐ °der in introducing or rÐ °pidly Ð °dopting technologicÐ °l innovÐ °tions in the industry. Henry Ford, the founder Ð °nd president of the compÐ °ny, is considered the fÐ °ther of mÐ °ss production. In the difficult decÐ °de of the 1980s, Ford showed its cÐ °pÐ °bility to rÐ °pidly Ð °dopt the JÐ °pÐ °nese system of production Ð °nd to move fÐ °ster thÐ °n Ð °ny other Ð °uto mÐ °ker in seeking the integrÐ °tion of its operÐ °tions on Ð ° globÐ °l bÐ °sis. The compÐ °ny wÐ °s Ð °lso Ð ° pioneer in the internÐ °tionÐ °lizÐ °tion of production, Ð °s it wÐ °s the first to open Ð °n Ð °ssembly plÐ °nt in CÐ °nÐ °dÐ ° (1904), in Mexico (1925), Ð °nd in mÐ °ny other countries. HistoricÐ °lly, the compÐ °ny hÐ °s hÐ °d Ð ° leÐ °ding role in developing Ð °n Ð °utomotive cÐ °pÐ °bility in those countries, Ð °nd its strÐ °tegies hÐ °ve been

Gateway Engineering Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Gateway Engineering - Assignment Example To do so, managers are required to understand the role of each organizational member in the organization, their individual characteristics and personality differences. As part of their efforts to understand the behavior of people, managers must keep certain important aspects under consideration. Some such aspects that are to be kept in mind before trying to understand about the members of the organization are individual differences, the importance of personal dignity, multiplicity of roles and considering the person as a whole. Let us now look at these aspects at a slightly broader perspective. Individual Differences - Though several common traits can be noticed among human beings, each person is individually different from the other. Most people feel excited when they achieve something and are grieved by the loss of a loved one. However, within these broad similarities, each person differs from other in a million ways. Individual differences originate from differences in their psychology. Psychological differences and experiences in the past make each per respond differently to different situations. Thus, there is no average person. However in most enterprises, the assumptions that people are alike forms the basis on which rules and regulations, procedures, job descriptions, safety standards, job schedules and the like are developed. [1] (ICMR, 2003) It is the responsibility of the managers to understand the complexity and individuality of people before applying the principles of motivation, leadership, and communication. Though it is difficult to satisfy all the needs of an employee, managers should have considerable latitude to make individual arrangements to ensure that jobs are so assigned that they suit a particular person in a specific situation. To highlight the indifference certain managers can have, the manager of the Marketing Department would serve the classical purpose with a kind of 'know all' attitude when it comes to recruiting people. This can be clearly identified from the case study. Another issue to be highlighted with respect to the same department is that, it is contributing the maximum amount of attrition rate to the organization on a whole and specifically astonishingly high contribution to female employee attrition. As Dr. Suresh Arckatty in his famous book 'I CAN' says - "People join the company and leave the boss," does this point to work style issues with the marketing manager Female attrition, as mentioned above, is astonishingly high. This is clearly evident if the following figures are noticed. The data tables mentioned in the case study clearly depict that, female attrition is almost 21.42% in the marketing department which in turn is contributing to 18.64% of female attrition across the organization. Surprisingly, the female attrition of 18.64% clearly is an indicator of an organizational culture and behavior issue. [3] (ICMR, 2003) Going ahead, let us try and understand what these culture and behavior in an organization mean. In recent years, research has proved that culture has a tremendous impact on management practices. Some researchers examined the impact of the internal culture i.e., the corporate culture of the organizations, while others examined the

Women in World War II

Women in World War II The changes that women underwent in the late 1930s and early 1940s would be felt by generations to come. Many women lives changed in many ways during World War II. Men went to war and went to work in factories in other parts of the country. With fewer men in the workforce, women had to fill more traditionally male jobs and had to pick up their husbands responsibilities. Most women thought there place was to be in the home and to take care of the wounded soldiers. Their main responsibility was cooking, cleaning, taking care of the children, and looking her best. Women were not only asked to complete daily chores and responsibilities that were normally expected of them, instead they were asked to go to work during war time. So when the war broke out, and it was clear that America would not be able to win the war without the help of their women. The traditional housewives and mothers turned into wartime workers. During World War II, many women found that their roles, opportunities, and responsibilities expanded dramatically. When World War II started, everyone agreed that workers were needed. They also agreed that having women work in the industries would be temporary. But the United States government had to overcome challenges to recruit women to the workforce. So the government decided to launch a propaganda campaign to sell the importance of the war effort and to lure women into working. WhenÂÂ  most men went off to fight, women were left to pick up the work the men left behind and forcing wives and mothers to keep life running smoothly. It was soon realized that, no matter how untraditional or unfeminine it was for a woman to work outside the home, it would have to be done. Women worked in all manner of production ranging from making ammunition to uniforms to aeroplanes. The hours they worked were long and some women had to move to where the factories were. Those who moved away were paid more. More than 1,000 women served as pilots associated with the US Air Force in the WASP (Women Airforce Ser vice Pilots) but were considered civil service workers, and werent recognized for their military service until the 1970s.(Lewis) Women became welders and riveters in the aircraft, shipbuilding, and ordnance industries, demonstrating their competence in what were male jobs. Women faced inequality while they went to work in industries. Management denied them equal status in the workplace. Women often encountered hostility from male coworkers and managers. Segregation by gender was common on the shop floor, and separate seniority lists were kept for men and women. They were also paid a lower wage than what I man would get paid. Even though women faced inequality they had jobs as mechanics, engineers, tank drivers, plumbers, building ships, and making bombs and aircraft parts during the war. As women were the managers of the home, the shortage of domestic resources fell more heavily on women to provide. Womens shopping and food preparation habits were affected by having to deal with stamps or other rationing methods, as well as the increased likelihood that she was working outside the home in addition to her homemaking responsibilities. Suddenly as a result of the war much of the supplies that a housewife used to complete her everyday chores were gone. A 1940s housewife could not buy a staple like sugar at the grocery store, because the sugar cane supply was significantly diminshed. What sugar was left was vital to the war effort, because it makes molasses; molasses makes ethyl alcohol; and alcohol makes the powder which fires guns and serves as Torpedo fuel, dynamite, nitrocotton, and other chemicals desperately needed by the American military. The availability of this product to the American people was very limited and as a result it was considered a rationed item. Man y worked in volunteer organizations connected with the war effort. Women were urged by organized propaganda campaigns to practice helping the economy by carrying groceries instead of using the car to preserve tire rubber for the war effort, to grow more of their family food in victory gardens, to sew and repair clothing rather than buying new clothes, raise money and contribute to war bonds, and give confidence of the war effort through sacrifice. However, more than 59,000 American nurses served in the Army Nurse Corps during World War II.(Osborn) Nurses worked closer to the front lines than they ever had before. With establishment of the Army Medical Department during the war, nurses served under fire in field and evacuation hospitals, trains, and ships, and as flight nurses on medical transport planes. The skill and work of these nurses contributed to low injuries among American military forces in every part of the war. Only a small number of black nurses were accepted in the Army Nurse Corps during World War II because of the Quota System. It was imposed by the segregated army during the two years of the war which held down the number of black enrollments. The Army limited the number of black nurses in the Nurse Corps to 160.(Osborn) Army authorities argued that assignments available to black nurses were limited because they were only allowed to care for black troops in black wards or hospitals. American soldiers who receiv ed care but could not be helped either died from wounds or diseases. The Womens Army Corps was successful because its mission, to aid the United States in time of war, was part of a larger national effort that required selfless sacrifice from all Americans. The war effort initiated vast economic and social changes, and indelibly altered the role of women in American society.ÂÂ   As a result, when the United States entered the war, 12 million women were already working and by the end of the war, the number was up to 18 million due to the promoting of the fictional character Rosie the Riveter as the ideal worker: loyal, efficient, patriotic, and pretty. Women responded to the call to work differently depending on race, age, class, marital status, and number of children.(Gluck) Half of the women that took the jobs were minority or lower-class women who were already in the workforce. They switched from low paying jobs to higher factory paying jobs. But with the women they had, it was not enough they recruited women that were graduating from high school. The demands in the labor market were so severe that women with children under six took the jobs. They did not really want married women with young children even if they were needed because their husbands would not want them to work in factories or industries. They were known as homemakers, which stayed home and c ared for the family. The government feared that the rise in working mothers would increase the rise in juvenile delinquency. Most women would quit their job if they were not happy with their pay, location, or environment. Unlike men, women suffered from double shift of work and caring for the family at home. Some working mothers had childcare problems and the public blamed them for the rise in juveniles behaviors. 90% of the mothers thought they could best serve the war effort by staying at home.(Hartmann) Women enjoyed working in male jobs but did not like the changes in mens attitudes. The women facedÂÂ  harrasment, teasing, andÂÂ  unwanted advances. One of the reason that men resentedÂÂ  women in the workplace was because, in the absence of a male majority, females demonstrated that they could survive without the domination and supervision of men. Men tried at every opportunity to return women to their proper place in the home and in society. Male employees were su spicious of women. Companies saw those womens needs and desires on the job as secondary to mens, so they were not taken seriously or given much attention. In addition, male employers denied women positions of power excluding them from the decision-making process of the company. Women wanted to be treated like the male workers and not given special consideration just because they are women. As time went on, more women entered the workforce and the attitude towards women changed. The employers praised them. As in every war, some spies and resistance fighters were women. Besides the obvious ability of women to use sexual favors and blackmail to get secrets, the image of womens purity and morality worked against suspicion of women. The wonderful needs faced by the United States during World War II created numerous new social and economic opportunities for American women. Both society as a whole and the United States military found an increasing number of roles for women. As large numbers of women entered industry and many of the professions for the first time, the military service took men and women from small towns and large cities across America and transported them around the world. After the war, many women remained in the workforce but employers forced them back to lower-paying female jobs. Most women were laid off and told to go back their homes and take care of the families. Their wartime experiences broadened their lives as well as their expectations.

The Selfish Linda Loman in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman Essay

The Selfish Linda Loman in Arthur Miller's Death of a Salesman      Ã‚  Ã‚   Linda, a character from Arthur Miller's "Death of a Salesman" is a selfish housewife. She pretends to care about her husband, but in reality, prefers that he kill himself so that she can live an easier life. Linda is given nothing but motive for wanting her husband, Willy, to die because of the ways he mistreats her. For example, during a family conversation in Act I, Linda, trying to put in a few words, says, "Maybe things are beginning to change-," with Willy coming in right after her, "(wildly enthused, to Linda)Stop interrupting!..."(1187) Linda, trying desperately to be a part of the conversation, is constantly denied her voice. Always under Willy's control, Linda is treated as if she is allowed to speak when he gives her permission. In another conversation in Act I between Biff, Happy, and Linda, more evidence of Willy mistreating Linda is provided: "Linda: It seems there's a woman...(She takes a breath as-) Biff: (sharply but contained) What woman? Linda: (simultaneously) ...and this woman... Linda: What? Biff: Nothing. I just said what woman."(1184) During this conversation, Linda is introducing the idea to Biff and Happy that Willy's car accidents might not have been accidents. She is telling of a woman that was a witness to the wreck, but a twist comes into the conversation. It seems that Biff is quick on making an assumption about who the woman is, and Linda shows a suspicious tone to Biff's reply. This time implies that Linda is aware that Willy is unfaithful to her, providing another way he mistreats her. In Guerin Bliquez's essay over "Death of a Salesman", she states, "But betrayal exposes the basic dishonesty of th... ...was helpful. She had a job of destruction and definitely helped Willy with his troubles. Helped him so much that eventually he committed suicide. Now she has the ability to say she married a successful man, maybe dead, but successful. Works Cited: Bliquez, Guerin. "Linda's Role in 'Death of a Salesman'," in Modern Drama, Vol. 10, No. 4, February, 1968, pp. 383-86. RPTD in Drama Criticism, Vol. 1. Gale Research Inc.. 1991. 322. Dillingham, Wiliam B.. "Arthur Miller and the Loss of Conscience" in Arthur Miller, Death of a Salesman. Penguin Group. 1967. 344. Miller, Arthur. "Death of a Salesman" in Literature, Reading, Reacting, Writing, Compact Fourth Edition. Harcourt, Inc.. 2000. 1187, 1184, 1221, 1229, & 1230. Schlueter, June. Essay over "Death of a Salesman" in Arthur Miller-Criticism and Interpretation. The Ungar Publishing Company. 1987. 65.

A King’s Collapse

A King's Collapse Unfortunately, in about every person's life either a tragic event or a series of tragic events can be found and in some cases more than others. To many people a tragic hero could be defined as someone who performs a heroic act, but dies in the process. Nevertheless, this statement is wrong, but instead a tragic hero needs five elements. To be a tragic hero one would need noble stature, a tragic flaw, free choice, excessive punishment and increased awareness. When discussing the play Antigone, a perfect example of a tragic hero would be Creon.Though many people might argue Antigone to be the tragic hero, but she is missing the element of increased awareness. Imagine finding out that your father married your grandma and your brothers killed each other over power. Then your uncle steps in to be king and declares that one of your brothers will get no burial because he was a trader. This information starts off a tragic play called Antigone. In the play, Creon must have n oble stature in order to be the tragic hero. One way Creon has noble stature is that he is the king which gives him power over the people.Antigone voiced this when she told Creon, â€Å"They share my views, but they keep their mouths shut just for you. † (Sophocles 12) Even though Antigone was telling Creon that his people did not share his views, what she said showed that Creon still had power over them. Another two ways Creon has noble stature are that he creates the laws and Creon's decisions affects everyone. This is shown when Creon states, â€Å"It's impossible/ to really know a man, to know his soul,/ his mind and will before one witnesses/ his skill in governing and making laws. (L 198-201) This statement shows that Creon thinks everyone knows him because he is the one governing and making the laws. Creon may be the king of the Thebes, but Creon does have a tragic flaw. Flaws can be found in every single person that has lived either in the past, present or will live in the future. Though there are many people, like Creon, who believe that they have no flaws. This was just a side affect of Creon's tragic flaw which was excessive pride. Creon's excessive pride leads him to not taking any sort of advice from anyone, especially women.This is shown when Antigone tried persuading Creon and Creon replied with, â€Å"No woman's going to govern me- no, no- not while I'm still alive. † (L 599-600) This not only shows his excessive pride, but also that he has absolutly no respect for women. Creon may have especially not listened to women, but he had the same communication level with everyone else, too. This is proven when the chorus leader tries reasoning with him then finally tells him, â€Å"Old man you're like archers shooting at me. † (L 1149) This states that Creon had excessive pride, but he also was persistent and stubborn.Creon may of had excessive pride as his tragic flaw, but he also had the free choice when making his decisions. W ith both Creon's excessive pride and him being the King of Thebes, he created a proclamation. This is one of the many unfortunate events that lead up to the tragic ending in Antigone. With this proclamation Creon was very forceful when making sure everyone knew it and the consequences they would apprehend if broken. Ismene restates, â€Å"For Creon this matter's really serious. / Anyone who acts against the order/ will be stoned to death before the city. (L 41-43) This was the punishment for anyone who would betray him by breaking the proclamation which showed he had his own free choice on what the punishment would be. He also had the free choice on who to forgive and who to punish. This was shown when Creon claims, â€Å"An enemy/ can never be a friend, not even in death. † (L 598-599) When Creon says this it shows everyone that Creon has no respect for traitors at all and they will be punished no matter who they are. Creon's noble stature, tragic flaw and free choices have all lead up to Creon's excessive punishment.To be completely truthful excessive punishment could be a lot of different things, but the most common one is probably death. Though in Antigone death is not Creon's excessive punishment. Instead, Creon's excessive punishment for everything he had done was the loss of his son and wife. In Antigone, Creon had changed his mind about his actions and went to go fix them, but in the end he still lost his wife and son. Creon made it clear that he was going to fix things by saying, â€Å"Alas- it's difficult. But I'll give up. I'll not do what I'd set my heart upon. / It's not right to fight against necessity. † (L 1236-1238) This shows that Creon was finally persuaded into not killing Antigone and burying Polyneices. Creon may of finally changed his mind, but he was too late to save anyone from death. Then after Antigone, his son and his wife he finally admits, â€Å"I killed you, my son, without intending to,/ and you as well, my wife. How useless I am now. † (L 1479-1480) This statement shows exactly what Creon's excessive punishment was which included losing his family.Creon's actions and his excessive punishment lead to his increased awareness of what he had done and the consequences he would now have to face because of them. The last element one needs to inquire before being classified as a tragic hero concludes to be increased awareness. Through all Creon had done, in the end, he finally realized that he should not have been so selfish nor stubborn. Creon lastly voiced the truth as he stated, â€Å"A las for me†¦ The guilt for all this is mine-/†¦ I, and I alone†¦ / I murdered you†¦ I speak the truth. (1463, 1465-1466) This comes to show that Creon comprehended that even though his son and wife killed themselves, he still was the reason in which they killed themselves. For any one person, with is awareness that you comprehend there has to be guilt that follows. His regret is stated as, â€Å"Oh the profanity of what I planned. / Alas, my son, you died so young-/ not your own foolishness but mine. † (L 1410-1412) In this quote it explain not only that Creon made mistakes or that he regrets it, but it also shows that Creon realizes that he made foolish mistakes that he would expect someone much inexperienced to make.Mix this five elements: noble stature, tragic flaw, free choice, excessive punishment, and increased awareness together and one would result with a tragic hero. Since almost everyone in the world has exprienced or seen some type of either tragic event or a series of tragic events in their lifetime it can be concluded that each person has their own definition of a tragic event. In many cases the established definition can be dependent on how severe the tragic event happens to be. The same thing happens when defining what a tragic hero consists of being.The correct difinition for what one needs to be a tragic hero states that a person should ne ed five elements: noble stature, a tragic flaw, free choice, excessive punishment, and increased awareness. Creon from the tragic play Antigone could be cosidered to be a perfect example of a tragic hero. Now many people might beg to differ that Antigone is the real play, but in all actuality Antigone missed one of the elements in the play. The element that allowed Creon tone the tragic hero instead of Antigone was that Antigone had no increased awareness in the end.

Autocratic And Democratic Leadership Style - 883 Words

As a company’s equipment reaches the end of its life cycle projects start to get organized to replace outdated equipment. As these projects are formed project managers are selected to manage all the complexities involved in replacing equipment. In some cases, managers or project managers are selected to manage turn around maintenance projects without taking into consideration any set of requirements (Obiajunwa, 2013). This means project managers may not have the right leadership style or set of skills to effectively manage and complete projects on time. Northhouse (2007) explained three leadership styles authoritarian, democratic and laissez-fair and their influences in his book Introduction to Leadership. Of those three I chose authoritarian and democratic for my research question. Is the authoritarian or democratic leadership style more effective for completing large-scale maintenance projects on time? The success of a project is ultimately the responsibility of the project manager and how well they can lead and organize their team. Leadership involves influencing people to achieve a common goal or shared objectives (Northhouse, 2007). Assigning the correct leadership style to a project may have a direct impact on a project success. Authoritarian, democratic, transformational, transactional, and laissez-faire are some of the leadership styles a project manager may have. Some of these may be more effective than others at completing projects on time. Morgan (2012) usedShow MoreRelatedCompare and Contrast Autocratic and Democratic Leadership Styles910 Words   |  4 PagesAutocratic leadership is a classical leadership style with the following characteristics: manager seeks to make as many decisions as possible, manager seeks to have the most authority and control in decision making, manager seeks to retain responsibility rather than utilise complete delegation , consultation with other colleagues in minimal and decision making becomes a solitary process managers are less concerned with investing their own leadership development, and prefer to simply work on the taskRead MoreThe Leadership Style Of Laissez Faire, Democratic, And Autocratic Leadership1367 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Leadership is a quality that every nurse can possess. Though, it takes the qualities of vision, passion, integrity, and empowerment to make an excellent nurse leader (Kelly Tazbir, 2014). Anyone can be a leader (Stonehouse, 2011). If you tell that statement to a brand new nurse, she will likely tell you she will not be a leader because she is unsure of her skills. It is important to recognize this and know that leadership evolves with education. The styles of laissez faire, democratic, andRead MoreThe Effectiveness Of Different Leadership Styles Essay1436 Words   |  6 Pagesdifferent leadership styles in different Leadership style is the manner and approach of providing direction, implementing plans and motivating people. Leadership is important to a company’s productivity. The methods and manner that a manger uses to encourage employees towards the achievement of the companies objective is mean by leadership style. There are basically four types of leadership styles 1. Autocratic leadership style Figure 1 (Autocratic-leadership) Autocratic leadership style is a formRead MoreLeadership Styles Of Autocratic Leadership Style Essay997 Words   |  4 Pagesthe most effective leadership style, which can bring the best profit and suit all organizations, in the world. Same to autocratic leadership and democratic leadership styles, they have contrastive characteristics and respective benefits and drawbacks so that they will do positive effects only be utilized right way in suitable condition. When strong control is needed, the autocratic leadership style can be used in this situation where there is no space for error. And autocratic leaders can preventRead MoreDifferent Types Of Leadership Styles1288 Words   |  6 Pagesthorough research work in how they define leadership and leadership behavior. Leadership students and researchers have described many different types of leadership styles. The democratic and autocratic leadership styles are just two of the most prominent leadership styles that have been identified in leadership literatures. In 1939, a group of researchers led by psychologist Kurt Lewin decided to identify the different types of leadership styles that exist in the modern world. This earlyRead MoreEssay on Compare and Contrast Two Leadership Styles1262 Words   |  6 PagesLeadership can be defined as the ability to lead a group of people successfully in an organization. Hall, et al (2008) have mentioned that an effective leader has to be visionary, motivating and responsible in order to successfully run a business organization. In business the two key leadership styles, which are widely used in today’s corporate world are autocratic leadership and democratic leadership (Johnson, n.d.). Autocratic leadership may be explained as â€Å"a leadership style where the managerRead MoreDemocratic Leadership Is Better And More Suitable Approach1575 Words   |  7 Pagesindividuals and have chances to channel their creative ideas. Autocratic leadership with its dominant and authoritative style is m ore likely to cause counterproductive work behavior in millennials. Democratic leadership, which Millennials could participate more in the work discussion, is more effective to mentor, empower and develop these millennials workers. Therefore, to utilize maximum potentials of millennials, democratic leadership is better and more suitable approach. There are three main populationsRead MoreCompare Democratic and Autocratic Leadership1302 Words   |  6 PagesLeadership, a crucial element in business, can be defined as â€Å"a process of influencing the activities of an organized group toward goal achievement† (Yukl, 2013, p.76). There are four main types of leadership styles: the autocratic, democratic, paternalistic and laissez-faire leadership styles. Daft (2008, p.44) suggests that â€Å"the extent to which leaders should be boss-centered or subordinate-centered partly depends on organizational circumstances.† After taking into account the organizational circumstancesRead MoreDemocratic vs. Autocratic993 Words   |  4 Pagesatic aDemocratic: 1. Democratic countries are safe to live in. The military protects the citizens and works to keep the country a safe environment. This picture represents democratic leadership because it shows a military sergeant coming back from war for his country, as well as he’s being a role model to the kids. This is very different compared to what you would see from an autocratic military sergeant. 2. Stephen Harper is the prime minister of Canada; a democratic country. He is the leaderRead MorePrinciple of Management1397 Words   |  6 Pagestoday should use the democratic style of leadership rather than automatic style.† Before I start this title, I decide to determine both of the style. Democratic Style Democratic style is a platform to create a team to participate in the decision-making process. When an enterprise is making decision, they usually use democratic style in many parts of the business. Therefore, everyone has the opportunity to dedicate ideas to the decision. There are two types of democratic decision-making: